The 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale: An investigation of factor structure and construct validity

The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) is a predominantly used measure of Alexithymia. Alexithymia is a condition characterised by impairment in identifying and describing one’s emotions, and an unusual fascination with externally oriented stimuli. Irrespective of the plethora of research that has utilised the TAS-20, there is discrepancy in the literature surrounding its psychometric properties. The current study conducted an exploratory factor analysis on the TAS-20. Two-hundred and eighteen male participantsaged between 17 and 25 years of age, filled out an online survey. This study aimed to investigate the construct validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale by examining its relationship with scores on the Autism Quotient (AQ), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS21). Furthermore, this study aimed to provide descriptive profiles for individuals high on Alexithymia and individuals low on Alexithymia by comparing each group on (1) mean AQ and DASS21 scores, (2) area of education, and (3) the percentage of individuals in a relationship. It was found that a 19-item 2-factor solution provided the best fit to the data. In addition, it was found that scores on the 19-item solution (19-item TAS) were strongly associated with scores on the AQ, and the DASS21. Furthermore, it was found that individuals high on Alexithymia scored substantially higher on the AQ and the DASS21. No differences were found between groups on area of education, and relationship status. Practical and theoretical implications will be discussed with respect to how this research affects individuals with Alexithymia who seek clinical treatment