Metoder för återtagande av metaller från muddrade sediment : en litteraturstudie och förslag för kontaminerade sediment i Kalmar län

Metal pollution in aquatic sediment is today a serious environmental problem that has been increasing ever since the industrial evolution. This literature study is investigating and comparing ten different articles and covers four different methods about metal extraction in aquatic sediments. The mentioned methods are chemical, biological, electrochemical and thermal extraction. This study concludes that there are potential effective methods available such as the chemical extraction using EDTA and EDDS and the biological extraction method for the metals Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb. The chemical extraction method benefits with its effectiveness and short extraction time but the method can also leave trace levels of the EDTA in the sediments due to its persistent character. EDTA is also expensive to apply such as EDDS but this is degradable in natural environments. The biological method is also considered as a good alternative for metal extraction in sediments but has a very long extraction time. For extraction of Hg showed the thermal extraction the best results. However, it’s of great importance to investigate different methods on a given sediment before a decision can be made on which method is most effective on a given sediment and large scale remediation can be used, since there are several different factors that can affect the extraction results.