Robust detection of faults in frequency control loops

This paper presents a robust approach to real-time detection of faults in the load-frequency control loop of interconnected power systems. The detection of faults takes place under different operating conditions, in the presence of modeling uncertainties, unknown changes in the load demand, and other external disturbances, such as plant and sensor noise. Although the approach is applicable to N-area systems, a two-area interconnected power system example is considered for simplicity