The Design and Fabrication of Blood Oxygen Sensing Device for Smart Oral Appliance and Flexible Blood Oxygen Sensing Array

[[abstract]]對於生命來說，沒有什麼比氧氣供應更重要，空氣中有21%是氧氣，呼吸空氣後紅血球中的血紅素會與氧分子結合，提供身體所須能量，血液中的含氧量越高，人體新陳代謝就會越好，但如果過低則會造成人體供氧不足。在目前市場上越來越多生理訊號監測儀被廣泛使用，其中都包含血氧濃度監測的功能，顯示血氧濃度是評估生理狀態的重要指標之一。本研究目的為開發智慧型牙套血氧量測裝置及可撓式陣列型血氧裝置，智慧型牙套開發應用於量測口中血氧濃度，代替多功能睡眠生理監測儀(Polysomnography,PSG)，可在睡眠時進行監測，評估有無阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停（ObstructiveSleepApnea,OSA）的前兆，在製作上將血氧感測器結合牙套，並利用半導體製程製作可撓式導線結合血氧模組，量測口腔內上顎動脈之血氧濃度，經本研究驗證，三位測試者中靜態量測及睡眠量測都可測得血氧濃度值，且血氧濃度都介於98~100%符合正常人之標準。可撓式陣列型血氧裝置開發應用於彌補反射式量測時，因運動及壓力容易導致量測波形的偏差與非正確之數值，故本研究以可撓式陣列型設計；可撓式設計使血氧裝置能夠更加貼合皮膚，陣列型設計能夠在量測上具有多點量測之優勢，於製作方面以聚對二甲苯(Parylene)作為可撓式基板，利用半導體製程製作連接各元件之導線，且利用多工器及Arduino進行9顆感測器的掃頻量測，量測結果顯示在靜態量測時，因可撓式設計使感測器可貼附於手腕撓動脈上，讓9顆感測器都可量測到血氧濃度值；而在動態量測時，三次量測結果皆顯示因受到運動或壓力導致漏光影響波形，但9顆感測器中只需1-3顆可量測到血氧濃度值，即可作為計算依據，三次量測經計算後血氧值都符合正常值95~100%，由此結果顯示可達到可撓式陣列型設計之目的。[[abstract]]Forlivingontheearththereisnothingimportantthantheoxygensupply.Theaircontains21%oxygen.Moreover,airafterbreathingwouldcombinewithhemoglobinandprovidethebody-needingenergy.Theincreasingofoxygencontentofbloodcausesthebodytoundergoabetterprocessofmetabolism,andifoxygencontentofbloodistoolow,theoxygensupplyingwouldstop.Currentlyphysiologicalsignalsensoriswidelyappliedinthemarket,whichcontainedthefunctionofmonitoringtheoxygencontentofblood,indicatingthattheoxygencontentofbloodisoneofthemostimportantindexofevaluatingphysiologicalconditions.Theaimofthisresearchisdevelopingsmartoralappliancewithbloodoxygensensorandflexiblebloodoxygensensingarray.Smartoralappliancewithbloodoxygensensorisappliedformeasuringoxygencontentofbloodinthemonth,whichmakeitsubstituteforpolysomnographybymonitoringduringsleepinganddetectingthewarningofobstructivesleepapnea.Inthemanufacturingprocess,wecombinedthebloodoxygensensorwiththebraceandmanufacturedflexiblebloodoxygensensingarraywithbloodoxygenmodulebymems,andthenmeasuredtheoxygencontentofbloodupperjawarteryinthemouth.Theresultshowsthatitcandetectthevaluesofoxygencontentofbloodfromthreeexaminers;moreover,theconcentrationisbetween98~100%,whichcomfirmstothestandardofthenormalperson.Whentheflexiblebloodoxygensensingarraydevelopmentappliesinthecompensatereflectiongauging,becausethemovementandthepressureeasytocausethegaugingwavethedeviationandthenon-correctvalue,thereforethisresearchbymaytheflexuretypearraydesign;theflexuretypedesignenablesthebloodoxygenequipmentevenmorethefittingskin,thearraydesigntobeabletohavesuperiorityofthemulti-spotgauginginthegauging,inthemanufactureaspect,depositingparyleneasflexiblesubstrate,usingthememsmanufactureconnectswireofthevariousparts,alsocarriesonusingthemultiplexerandarduinosensoryelementssweepthefrequencygauging,measurementresultsshowthatinthestaticmeasurement,duetoflexibledesignsothatthesensorcanfittingthewristflexionartery,sothatninesensorscanbemeasuredtotheoxygenconcentrationvalue；andinthedynamicmeasurement,threemeasurementsshowthatthemovementorpressurecausedbytheimpactoflightleakagewaveform,inthe9sensorsonly1-3canbemeasuredtotheoxygenconcentrationvalue,canbeusedasabasisforcalculation,thethreemeasurementscalculatedafterthebloodoxygenvaluesareinnormalvalueof95to100%,whichshowsthatcanachievethepurposeofflexiblearraydesign