Design and Implementation of Combining Modularized Batteries Charge Equalization and High Step-up Conversion Techniques

[[abstract]]本論文提出應用於高昇壓轉換能源系統之串聯電池快速平衡充電技術。簡化控制之電芯模組整合返馳型與昇降壓型轉換架構，可達成較少元件、快速平衡，並針對高數量單電芯時，電荷不易平衡之缺點改善，且能準確監測各電芯之電壓狀況，以提升電池充電電源管理系統執行之效能。此外，為因應再生能源供電系統，如太陽能、氫能等低輸入電壓，設計一隔離型高昇壓高效率轉換器以匹配串聯高壓電池、380V直流匯流排。串聯電池平衡技術包括電芯模組內平衡與電芯模組間平衡等兩大範疇。電芯模組內平衡器主要由額定功率15W之昇降壓型轉換器構成，電芯模組間平衡器則由額定功率40W之返馳型轉換器構成，並輔以數位運算程式控制系統運行。實測上採用12枚10Ah之磷酸鋰鐵電池串聯進行平衡測試，以驗證本系統之可行性。隔離型高昇壓轉換電路結合昇壓型、返馳型轉換器、倍壓技術，並採用主動箝位機制，能無損地將漏感能量回收至輸出端，進而提高轉換效率，而主開關皆為同訊號驅動，能大幅簡化訊號複雜度，並以實際測試來驗證轉換器效能，測試規格為輸入電壓48V，輸出電壓400V，額定功率800W，本轉換器之最高效率為93.95%，滿載效率為93.6%。[[abstract]]Ahighspeedbatteryequalizationtechniqueappliedinseries-connectionbatteriesforhighstep-upenergyconversionsystemisproposedinthisthesis.Sincethecellmoduleswithsimplecontrolprocesscombinebuck-boostconverterandflybackconverter,fewelementsandfasterbalancespeedcanbeachieved.Theproposedequalizerstructureimprovesthedefectthatthechargebalanceismoredifficultwhentheamountofcellisnumerous.Moreover,theproposedsystemcanmonitorthevoltageofeachcellexactlytoenhancetheperformanceofbatterychargemanagersystem.Furthermore,theisolatedhighstep-upconverterisproposedformatchingtheseries-connectionhighvoltagebatteries,DCBusandtherenewablesourceswithlowvoltage,suchassolarenergyandhydrogenenergy.Theequalizerwithinmoduleiscomposedofbuck-boostconverter.Additionally,theflybackconverterconstitutestheequalizerbetweenmodules.TheperformanceoftheequalizationsystemisverifiedbyusingtwelveLiFePO4batteries.Theisolatedhighstep-upconverterintegratestheboostconverter,flybackconverterandvoltagedoublingcircuit.Theproposedconverterisimplementedwithinputvoltage48V,outputvoltage400Vandpowerrating800W.Further,thepeakefficiencyandfullloadefficiencyoftheproposedconverterareabout93.95%and93.6%,respectively