ChIP assays showed that capsaicin induces the recruitment of E2F4 and p130 on proliferative promoters.

<p>Serum-stimulated H69 cells contained robust amounts of proliferative E2Fs, namely E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3, associated with E2F-responsive proliferative promoters like cyclin E, TS, cdc25A and cdc6 (left panel). The treatment of H69 cells with 50 µM capsaicin causes dissociation of proliferative E2Fs and recruitment of the repressive E2F4 and p130 on these promoters (right panel). PCR for the c-Fos promoter (which is not regulated by E2F) was taken as the control for the experiment.