Characteristics of the population studied (<i>n</i> = 2,019).

<p>Values are means±SD, or <i>n</i> (%). Number of subjects who measured immunoreactive insulin was 1,958. HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index) was calculated as glucose (mg/dl) x insulin (µU/ml)/405. CVD indicates cardiovascular disease, including stroke, myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris.