<i>Fmr1</i> knockout mice exhibit increased social anxiety-related behaviors during social interaction.

<p>A. During the sociability period, there was not a significant difference in grooming times of <i>Fmr1</i> knockout (FX) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Chronic lithium treatment had no significant effect on WT grooming times but slightly decreased the percentage of FX mice with grooming times above the median time. Dashed lines represent median grooming times, 12 sec and 12.5 sec for WT and FX mice, respectively. B. FX mice spent significantly more time rearing and digging than WT mice during the sociability period. Chronic lithium treatment significantly decreased duration of rearing and digging behaviors in both groups of mice. *p<0.05 compared to untreated group mates; ** p<0.05 comparing untreated WT and FX mice. C. During the social preference period, there was not a significant difference in grooming times of <i>Fmr1</i> knockout (FX) mice and wild-type (WT) mice. Chronic lithium treatment had no significant effect on grooming times, but slightly decreased the percentage of WT and FX mice with grooming times above the median time. Dashed lines represent median grooming times, 8.5 sec and 11 sec for WT and FX mice, respectively. D. FX mice spent significantly more time rearing and digging than WT mice during the social preference period. Chronic lithium treatment significantly decreased duration of rearing and digging behaviors in both groups of mice. * p<0.05 compared to untreated group mates; ** p<0.05 comparing untreated WT and FX mice.