The WNV-induced IFN-β response and ISG expression is primarily IRF-3 and IRF-7-independent in mDC.

<p>A. mDC generated from wild type, IFN-αβR^−/− and DKO mice were infected at an MOI of 0.001 and virus production was evaluated at the indicated times post infection by plaque assay. Values are an average of quadruplicate samples generated from at least three independent experiments (***, P<0.0001). B–E. Levels of (B) IFN-α and (D) IFN-β mRNA as well as (C) IFN-α and (E) IFN-β protein in WNV-infected mDC were measured by qRT-PCR or ELISA as described in the legend of <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000607#ppat-1000607-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a>. F. Whole cell lysates were generated at the indicated times from wild type and DKO mDC that were uninfected (Un) or infected with WNV (W). Protein levels of ISG49, ISG54, PKR, STAT1, RIG-I, MDA5 and tubulin were examined by immunoblot analysis.