Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB and p38 in wild type and DKO mDC and MEF.

<p>A–B. mDC (A) and MEF (B) generated from wild type and DKO mice were infected at an MOI of 0.1 in the presence of 1% DMSO or increasing concentrations of BAY 11-7082 (in 1% DMSO) and/or increasing concentrations of SB 202190 (in 1% DMSO). Levels of IFN-β mRNA were evaluated at the indicated times post-infection by qRT-PCR. Cell viability was analyzed using a cytotoxicity assay as described in the <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000607#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. C. Efficiency of BAY 11-7082 in inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity. Wild type and DKO mDC were treated with 1% DMSO or 5 µM and 10 µM of BAY 11-7082 and stimulated with LPS (2 µg/ml) for 24 hours. Levels of secreted TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Values are an average of duplicate samples generated from three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate values that are statistically significant (***, P<0.0001, **, P<0.005, *, P<0.05); n.s. indicates differences that were not statistically significant.