The CD28-driven inhibition of Th17 differentiation is mediated by IL-2 and IFN-γ production.

<p>Purified CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with plate-bound anti-CD3 in the presence or the absence of soluble anti-CD28 mAb under Th17 polarizing conditions. (A) The percentages of IL-2⁺CD4⁺ T cells from 7 independent experiments (mean±SEM). (B) CD4⁺ T cells were cultured in the presence or absence of anti-mouse IL-4, IFN-γ or IL-2 alone or in combination. The data shown are representative of 1 experiment out of 3 (dot plots, left panel). The cumulative data from 2–6 independent experiments are shown in the right panel. P values were calculated using the two-tailed, paired Student's <i>t</i> test, *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001.