Endogenous TGF-β is involved in Statin-induced CTGF expression.

<p>Serum starved VSMCs were preincubated for 72h with highest concentrations of statins a. Some cells were preincubated for 1 h with 10⁻⁵ mol/L of ALK5i (a) or 10 µg/mL of TGF-β neutralizing antibody (α-TGF-β) (b). Figure shows a representative western blot in the lower panel and in the upper panel the mean±SEM of 4 experiments. *p<0.05 vs. control. ¥ p<0.05 vs. SV 10⁻⁴ Mol/L.