Relationships between features of song and the degree of exploration of an environment altered with a novel object and flight distance reflecting personality in male collared flycatchers.

<p>Exploration was estimated based on the nest presentation behaviour of males at a modified nest box, which was expressed relative to presentation behaviour at the natural nest box. Flight distance is an inverse estimate of risk taking, as it reflects the distance to which a potential predator can approach the individual when the male is engaged in a territorial fight. Correlations (Pearson's <i>r</i>) together with the associated 95% confidence intervals are presented to reflect the strength of relationships in the form of effect size. For demonstrative purposes significance levels are also given (^*: significant after Bonferroni adjustment for ten tests, i.e. P<0.005). N = 24 for each test in relation to exploration, except for repertoire size, as song recordings for one male provided less than 20 songs making it impossible to estimate repertoire size according to our standard; N = 22 for tests of risk taking.