Transmigrating <i>Plasmodium</i> Sporozoites Leave Behind a Trail of Dead Hepatocytes

<div><p>(A) Three hours after infection with 5 × 10⁶P. berghei salivary gland sporozoites, a mouse liver contains small clusters of necrotic hepatocytes that have been infiltrated by inflammatory cells (arrows).</p> <p>(B) Four hours after intravenous infection with 5 × 10⁶P. yoelii sporozoites, a mouse liver contains individual or small clusters of necrotic hepatocytes (arrows).</p> <p>(C) Six hours after infection, the signs of hepatocytic damage appear more severe in another mouse liver (arrow).</p> <p>(D) Forty hours after inoculation of 2 × 10⁶P. yoelii sporozoites, small infiltrates of inflammatory cells (arrows) block the lumina of some sinusoids, while maturing EEFs are free of any inflammatory reaction.</p> <p>(E) Fifty hours after infection with 2 × 10⁶P. yoelii sporozoites, the size of the inflammatory infiltrates (arrows) has increased.</p> <p>Stains used: (A) paraffin section stained with H&E, (B and C) frozen sections stained with Evans blue, (D and E) semithin Epon sections stained with Toluidine blue. Bars = 20 μm.</p>