Total Synthesis and Configurational Assignment of the Marine Natural Product Haliclamide

The marine natural product haliclamide has been synthesized based on macrocyclization by ring-closing olefin metathesis. Using either enantiomer of two of the four building blocks that were employed to assemble the diene precursor for the metathesis reaction, three non-natural isomers of haliclamide were also prepared. On the basis of the comparison of the ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra of the individual stereoisomers with literature data for the natural product, the configuration of the previously unassigned stereocenters at C9 and C20 of haliclamide could be determined to be <i>S</i> for both carbons. The absolute configuration of haliclamide thus is 2<i>S</i>, 9<i>S</i>, 14<i>R</i>, 20<i>S</i>. The antiproliferative activity of synthetic haliclamide against several human cancer cell lines was found to be in the high μM range. The compound showed no antifungal or antibiotic activity