Expression of genes encoding IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ following induction by LIC-pIC in chimeric mice with humanized livers.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Experimental schedule in chimeric mice infected with HCV. (<b>B</b>) Serum concentrations (in chimeric mice) of human and mouse IFN-β and IFN-α, as determined by ELISA (<i>n</i> = 3–5 for no treatment or LIC-pIC group; <i>n</i> = 6–8 for PegIFN-α group). Bars indicate the mean concentration of human (red) and mouse (green) IFNs averaged across the entire group. The results indicates the representative of two measurements (<b>C</b>) The liver mRNA levels of genes encoding IFN-β, IFN-α2 and IFN-γ (human genes: <i>IFNB1</i>, <i>IFNA2</i> and <i>IFNG</i>, respectively; mouse genes: <i>Ifnb1</i>, <i>Ifna2</i> and <i>Ifng</i>, respectively), as determined by qRT-PCR (<i>n</i> = 3–4 per group). The bars indicate the mean mRNA levels of human (red) and mouse (green) IFN genes averaged across the entire group. The results indicates the representative of two measurements (<b>D</b>) Effectiveness of recombinant human or mouse IFN-β against HCV in FLR 3-1 HCV-replicon cells. The bars indicate SD (<i>n</i> = 4 per group). **<i>P</i><0.01, treatments vs. the vehicle by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test.