Exemplar STG Response Pattern to PSS.

<p><b>a)</b> Time-frequency plot of spectral power (0–300 Hz) of the ECoG signal along with the overlaid AEP responses (solid black trace) to −100 cents pitch shift stimulus (PSS; red shading) in the auditory feedback during speaking of the vowel sound “a” for a single contact on the STG in a right-hemisphere implanted subject (R186). The solid vertical line marks the onset of the stimulus (0 ms) and the epoch window ranges from −300 to 1000 ms from the PSS onset. Subject’s voice and its pitch-shifted feedback are schematically shown in the lower panel. <b>b)</b> Time-frequency plots of spectral power along with overlaid AEPs for all 96 contacts of the right-hemisphere temporal lobe grid during speaking (top panel) and playback (bottom panel) conditions in subject R186. The thick gray lines show the lateral fissure (LF) and superior temporal sulcus (STS) and the gyrus in between them is the superior temporal gyrus (STG). The transverse temporal sulcus (TTS) is also labeled in each plot. <b>c)</b> Anatomical location of the implanted right-hemisphere temporal lobe grid with LF, STS, STG and TTS marked. The blue, red and brown circles mark three example contacts on the STG in vicinity of the TTS for which the high gamma (70–150 Hz) and AEP responses are separately shown on the bottom with overlaid traces during speaking and playback conditions. The error bars in the high gamma plots are the standard error from the mean (SEM) and the “*” marks show significant modulations during speaking compared with playback.