Resveratrol attenuates the expression of inflammation-associated genes and ROS under rotenone- or MPO-exposed microglia.

<p><b>A.</b> Primary microglia were stimulated with rotenone (upper) or MPO (lower) in the presence or absence of resveratrol, after which the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α were determined by RT-PCR (left) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses (right). The data are representative of three independent experiments with similar results. The graph represents the fold changes in mean ± SD of more than three independent experiments performed in triplicate. *<i>P<0.05,</i> **<i>P<0.01</i> when compared with rotenone-or MPO-treated cells. B. Primary microglia were pretreated with or without 10 µM resveratrol for 1 h before exposure to 30 nM rotenone for 3 h, and then incubated with 5 µM DCF for 30 min at 37°C. DCF fluorescence was measured by FACS analyses. The graph represents the fold changes in MFI ± SD from four independent experiments. *<i>P<0.05,</i> **<i>P<0.01</i> when compared with rotenone-treated cells. C. Primary microglia were pretreated with 10 µM resveratrol for 1 h, and then treated with 30 nM rotenone for 24 h. The intracellular levels of gp91 phox were determined by Western blot analyses. The bar graph represents quantitative analysis of protein band intensity from three independent experiments using ImageJ. **<i>P<0.01, ***P<0.001</i> when compared with rotenone-treated cells.