<i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> kills <i>V. cholerae</i> at 30°C using T6SS1.

<p>(<b>A–D</b>) Viability counts before (0 h) and after (4 h) co-culture of <i>V. cholerae</i> with MLB media (none) or <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> POR1 or POR1Δ<i>hcp1</i> strains containing an empty vector or a vector encoding Hcp1 (pHcp1). Mixed cultures at an OD₆₀₀ ratio of 1∶4 (<i>V. cholerae</i>:<i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>) were spotted on MLB plates at 30°C (<b>A–B</b>) or 37°C (<b>C–D</b>). An asterisk indicates statistically significant difference in mean values as compared to the co-culture with POR1Δ<i>hcp1</i> strain carrying an empty vector at the 4 hours time point, by an unpaired, two-tailed student’s t-test (p value <0.005).