Rotation of visual cues strongly affects orientation by emigrating ants.

<p>A) The last trip before rotation (dashed blue line and open blue circles) was highly directed (Rayleigh test: r = 0.88, p = 6×10⁻⁷) and deviated only 3° from the direction of the new nest (0°). After rotation (solid red line and closed red circles), average heading remained highly directed (Rayleigh test: r = 0.88, p = 8×10⁻⁷) but shifted to 65° clockwise from the nest heading (Watson's two-sample test: U² = 0.3883, p<0.001, n = 13). B) The average change in heading by each ant was 67° (r = 0.89, p = 5×10⁻⁷) and the mean change significantly differed from zero (Hotelling test: F_{2, 11} = 35.2, p = 2×10⁻⁵). C) The duration of journeys from the old to the new nest increased after rotation of visual cues (Wilcoxon paired ranks test: V = 2, n = 11, p = 0.0029). See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0064367#pone-0064367-g002" target="_blank">Figure 2</a> for box plot details.