Influence of gap junctions on cingulate seizures.

<p>(A) Position of the MEA against a MT-ACC slice. Ensemble seizure-like activity induced by 4-AP and bicuculline is shown. The channel surrounded by the blue square is magnified in C. (B) Simultaneous extracellular (e) and intracellular (i) recording showed that the tonic phase corresponded to a depolarization phase in the intracellular recording, whereas the clonic phase was correlated with bursting activity. After the application of octanol, the depolarization phase and bursting activity were shortened. (C) Typical example of changes in seizure-like activity after the application of octanol. 4-AP- and bicuculline-induced seizure-like activity is composed of ictal onset (arrow), a tonic phase (green line), and a clonic phase (red line). The application of 0.2 mM octanol shortened the tonic and clonic phases. (D) Western blot showed that both glial gap junction Cx43 and neuronal-specific gap junction Cx36 are expressed in the cingulate cortex.