CCN3 is up-regulated in animal models of insulin resistance.

<p>A) We determined CCN3 protein levels in different genetic models of insulin resistance. We prepared paraffin sections from WT, CAFoxO1 transgenics (305), <i>db/db</i>, and <i>Irs2^–/–</i> mice and performed CCN3 immunostaining (at least n = 3 for each). Representative images are shown. B) <i>Ccn3</i> expression in both the exocrine and the endocrine fraction was determined by PCR in 2 months old male animals. Amylase and insulin were used as specific exocrine and endocrine markers. Actin was used as a control in each sample. Representative images of 3 separate experiments are shown.