Visible-Light Photoredox in Homolytic Aromatic Substitution: Direct Arylation of Arenes with Aryl Halides

Direct arylation of unactivated arenes or heteroarenes with aryl halides could be carried out in the presence of potassium <i>tert</i>-butoxide and dimethyl sulfoxide under visible-light irradiation. Ir(ppy)₃ was found to be an effective photoredox catalyst for this reaction. The reactions of aryl iodides occurred at room temperature. Elevated temperature was required for aryl bromides. Homolytic aromatic substitution was proposed to be the operative reaction pathway