Expression of insertion site markers in the control and constitutively active Smo (CA-Smo) mice at E17.5.

<p>Panels A–D show double immunohistochemistry of GLI1 (purple in nucleolus) and TNC (green) in control (A and C) and CA-Smo (B and D) sagittal sections of knee joints. Panel F–I show the immunohistochemistry of BGN in control (F and H) and CA-Smo (G and I) sagittal sections of knee joints. Panel E and J show semi-quantitation of TNC and BGN staining by measurement of pixel intensity. The expression of GLI1 and TNC was ectopically present in the midsubstance of CA-Smo mice whereas the expression of BGN was up-regulated in the midsubstance of CA-Smo mice at E17.5. The Inset in D shows a higher magnification image of GLI1 staining in the nucleolus (purple, arrowed). White dotted lines outline the midsubstance in A,B, F and G, and the insertion site in C,D, H and I. Error bars represent standard errors of the mean and the asterisk represents statistical significance (<i>p</i><0.05). Blue staining shows nuclear staining using DPAI. T = Tibia. Scale bar = 100 µm.