Activation of AKT, decrease in FOXO and activation of glycolytic genes in CERT heterozygous mice.

<p>(A). Total AKT and phosphoAKT levels are monitored in liver extracts from wild type (+/+) and CERT heterozygous (+/−) mice. PhosphoAKT level is increased in CERT heterozygotes while total AKT is not significantly changed. (B). Comparison of different FOXO in liver tissue of wild type (+/+) and CERT heterozygous (+/−) mice shows significant decrease in their transcript levels. (C). Comparison of glycolytic genes in skeletal muscle from wild type (+/+) and CERT heterozygous (+/−) mice shows greater than 5 fold increase in transcript levels of phosphoglycerate mutase and pyruvate kinase and 1.8 fold increase in hexokinase. (D). A simple graphical model depicting metabolic reprogramming in <i>dcerk¹</i> due to increased AKT activation and decreased FOXO to maintain energy balance. <i>dcerk¹</i> mutants show glucose utilization through increased glycolytic flux mediated by Pglym and downstream enzymes. They also show increased utilization of triglycerides mediated by CG8093 and CG6277.