MVA-B deletion mutants induces the production of IFN-β, type I IFN inducible genes, TNF-α and MIP-1α in macrophages and dendritic cells.

<p>Human THP-1 macrophages (A) and moDCs (B, C) were mock-infected or infected with MVA-WT, MVA-B, MVA-B ΔC6L or MVA-B ΔC6L/K7R (5 PFU/cell in A, and 1 PFU/cell in B and C). At different time post-infection (3 h and 6 h in A, 6 h in B), RNA was extracted and the mRNA levels of IFN-β, TNF-α, MIP-1α, type I IFN inducible genes (IFIT1 and IFIT2), and HPRT were analyzed by RT-PCR. Results were expressed as the ratio of gene to HPRT mRNA levels. A.U: arbitrary units. <i>p</i> values indicate significantly higher responses compared to DNA-B/MVA-B immunization group. * <i>p</i><0.05, ** <i>p</i><0.005, *** <i>p</i><0.001. Data are means ± SD of duplicate samples and are representative of three independent experiments. (C) Human moDCs were mock-infected or infected with 1 PFU/cell of MVA-WT, MVA-B, MVA-B ΔC6L or MVA-B ΔC6L/K7R. Six hours later, cell-free supernatants were collected to quantify the concentration of IFN-β by ELISA and the concentration of TNF-α and MIP-1α by Luminex. Data are means ± SD of duplicates and are representative of three independent experiments.