Impact of systemic LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 challenge on hippocampal inflammatory cytokine transcription.

<p>Hippocampal transcription of IL-1β, CXCL1, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-α and IFN-β mRNA measured using quantitative PCR 2 hours after systemic challenge (i.p.) with saline, LPS (100 µg/kg), IL-1β (15 µg/kg or 50 µg/kg), TNF-α (50 µg/kg or 250 µg/kg) or IL-6 (50 µg/kg or 125 µg/kg). All data groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests comparing differences between saline, LPS and each cytokine treatment at the higher dose. ## denotes treatment is significantly different to saline treatment # # p<0.01, # # # p<0.001. ** denotes significant difference between treatment groups indicated by line p < 0.01 *** p<0.001. +++ denotes significant difference between low and high dose of cytokine p<0.001. All data have been presented as mean±SEM, n=5 for LPS and IL-1β 50 µg/kg; n≥4 for TNF-α 250 µg/kg; n≥3 for other groups.