Comparison of intracellular cytokine expression in all experimental groups 7 days after surgery (single-factor ANOVA).

<p>ANOVA showed significant differences within groups (P<0.01). For pairwise comparison between each group, the Bonferroni method was used, Values represent mean (SD). <b>a:</b> FXN group compared with NC group (P<0.01), AG group (P<0.01), and CEXN group (P<0.01).