An HDAC3 selective inhibitor triggers apoptosis associated with increased DNA damage and cell cycle defects.

<p>(A) Hut78 cells were treated with DMSO, 10 nM Depsipeptide (Depsi), 10 µM 233, or 10 µM 966 for 24 hr and apoptosis assessed by Annexin V staining and flow cytometry. Cells were also labeled with propidium iodide to assess DNA content. Untreated (UT) and DMSO treated cells were used as controls. Shown is a representative graph from an experiment performed in duplicate that is consistent with other biological replicates. (B) Western blot analysis of γH2aX levels in Hut78 cells treated with DMSO, 10 nM Depsi, 10 µM 233, or 10 µM 966 for 8 hrs. Untreated and DMSO treated cells were used as controls. Samples were run on the same gel and probed on the same membrane. Intervening lanes (represented by a black bar) were removed for side by side comparison of DMSO and Depsipeptide. (C) Cell cycle status was analyzed using BrdU incorporation and propidium iodide to assess DNA content by flow cytometry. Hut78 cells were treated with DMSO, 10 nM Depsipeptide (Depsi), 10 µM 233, or 10 µM 966 for 24 hr and pulsed for an hour and a half with BrdU prior to cell harvest and analysis. Shown are representative flow cytometry plots from an experiment performed in duplicate that is consistent with other biological replicates. (D) Graphical representation of BrdU incorporation from the experiment described in (C). (E) Graphical representation of the percent of S phase cells that did not incorporate BrdU (shown by box in panel (C)). Statistical analysis for both the Annexin V and BrdU experiments was performed using a two-tail T-test and comparing the HDI treated cells to the DMSO treated cells resulting in the following p-values: (A) Depsi: p = 0.0002, 233: p = 0.003, and 966: p = 0.0003. (D) Depsi: p = 0.003, 233: p = 0.01, and 966: p = 0.08. (E) Depsi: p = 0.003, 233: p = 0.003, and 966: p = 0.004.