Effect of GalE on ciclopirox inhibition of bacterial growth.

<p>Growth curves for three independent cultures of TransforMax™ EC100™ Electrocompetent <i>E. coli</i> (A) without overexpression plasmid, (B) with empty plasmid pCA24N, or (C) with pCA24N-<i>galE</i> grown with the indicated ciclopirox concentrations. Error bars are the standard deviation from the mean. (D) Schematic representation of GalE epimerization of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose coupled to the activity of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGD). (E) Using the assay schematized in D, the average rate of NADH formation with or without ciclopirox was measured three independent times per ciclopirox concentration. Error bars are the standard deviation from the mean.