Intracellular chloride measurements in isolated rat colonic crypts.

<p>A. Sample tracing of an intracellular chloride measurement using real-time fluorescence microscopy. Switching to a chloride-free superfusate causes chloride efflux and an increase in intracellular fluorescence (quenching dye). The kinetics of the change in the fluorescence signal (ΔAFU/sec) correspond to the number of open chloride efflux pathways. The insert shows an image of an isolated colonic crypt loaded with the chloride indicator dye MQAE. B. Bar graphs summarizing chloride efflux under the individual experimental conditions. Activation of AMPK decreases FSK stimulated chloride efflux from isolated rat colonic crypts. C. CFTR is the main chloride efflux pathway affected by AMPK. D Activation of AMPK decreases CTX stimulated chloride.