Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress detected in the mutated hGBA induced <i>Drosophila</i> eye.

<p>We used xbp1-EGFP as an ER stress marker in which EGFP is expressed in frame only after ER stress <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0069147#pone.0069147-Ryoo1" target="_blank">[31]</a>. (A) Weak fluorescence is generated in eye imaginal discs expressing the hGBA^WT construct. The eye imaginal discs of hGBA^R120W transgenic combinations emitted more fluorescence than that of hGBA^WT transgenic combination. The eye imaginal discs of hGBA^RecNciI transgenic combinations emitted the most intense fluorescence. (B) Values generated by different transgenic combinations with fixed quantities of fluorescence intensity (n = 7–15 eye imaginal discs from third instar larvae per transgenic combination). Error bars represent SE. *Significant difference compared with values from GMR control (***P<0.001; Student's t test). (C) Endoplasmic reticulum stress marker gene, dBiP (major ER chaperone) mRNA expression in hGBA^R120W and hGBA^RecNciI transgenic combinations was upregulated (n = about 30 fly heads per transgenic combination). Internal control was dRpL32. Error bars represent SE. *Significant difference compared with GMR control (*P<0.05; Student's t test). (D) High levels of hGBAs are expressed in whole bodies of heat-shocked flies. Expression levels of dBiP mRNA of hGBA^R120W and hGBA^RecNciI transgenic combinations were also upregulated (n = about 30 flies per transgenic combination). Internal control was dRpL32. Error bars represent SE. *Significant difference compared with hs control (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; Student's t test).