Fluctuations around the scaling laws.

<p>(A) Standard deviation of the fluctuations around the scaling laws (in base-10 logarithmic scale) in each one of the equally spaced windows. We note that the standard deviation is almost a constant function of the population for all urban indicators. The average value of over the population windows are shown in the plot legends. (B) Cumulative distributions of the normalized fluctuations around the scaling laws. In this plot, each gray line is a distribution for a given indicator, the squares are the average values of these cumulative distributions and the error bars are 95% confidence intervals obtained via bootstrapping <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0069580#pone.0069580-Efron1" target="_blank">[44]</a>. We note that the Gaussian distribution (dashed line) describes quite well these distributions. In particular, the smallest -value of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests is , showing that we cannot reject the normality of the fluctuations.