Macrophage and satellite cell infiltration into necrotic Akita diabetic muscle is restored with PAI-039 treatment.

<p>(A) Representative images of the necrotic area of the TA muscles of WT, Akita and Akita+PAI-039. Sections were stained with F4/80 (macrophage marker; red), collagen type 1 (green) and DAPI (nuclear dye; blue). A visible decrease in the number of F4/80 positive cells is seen in Akita muscle sections with a detectable increase in F4/80 cells in Akita TA muscles of mice treated with a PAI-1 inhibitor (PAI-039). (B) The number of F4/80 positive cells within the necrotic area of injured Akita TA muscles was returned to WT levels when these mice were treated with PAI-039. The number of F4/80 positive cells was greater in Akita+PAI-039 TA (panel B; P = 0.06) and gastrocnemius (panel C; P = 0.07) muscles compared to untreated Akita animals. A similar trend was observed for Pax7 positive cells which were also found to be improved in necrotic TA (D) and gastrocnemius (E) with PAI-039 treatment (P<0.05).