Transgene expression by HEK 293 cells in vitro using CS/DNA, AL/CS/DNA and PEI/DNA NPs.

<p>(A) CS/Luc, at different N/P ratios with fixed 1 µg plasmid pcDNA3.0-Rluc/well and fixed transfection medium pH of 6.4; (B) AL/CS/Luc, at different lipid/DNA ratios (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, w/w) with fixed N/P ratio of 7 and fixed transfection medium pH of 6.4 and 1 µg plasmid pcDNA3.0-Rluc/well. PEI/Luc NPs at N/P ratio of 10 were used as the positive control; (C) Transfection images of CS/GFP and AL/CS/GFP NPs with different N/P ratios and lipid/DNA ratios using GFP as a report gene. The relative light units (RLU) were normalized to the protein content of each sample. **p<0.01 Mean ± SD (n = 4–6).