Insulin resistance and β-cell function across the four metabotypes.

<p>(A) Insulin resistance determined by the HOMA-IR (B) β-cell function quantified as ∆I30/∆G30 (C) (∆I30/∆G30)/HOMA-IR and (D) Disposition Index determined as (∆I30/∆G30) x 1/ fasting insulin from an OGTT in 116 individuals. Cluster 1- White bar (<i>n</i>=17), Cluster 2 – Dark grey bar (<i>n</i> =34), Cluster 3 – Black bar (<i>n</i> = 20) and Cluster 4 – Light grey bar (<i>n</i> =45). As glucose tolerance declined, insulin resistance increased and β-cell function deteriorated. HOMA-IR for cluster 1 was significantly different to cluster 2 (<i>p</i><0.001), cluster 3 (<i>p</i><0.001) and cluster 4 (<i>p</i><0.001). Cluster 1 β-cell function quantified as ∆I30/∆G30 was significantly different to cluster 2 (<i>p</i><0.05) and Cluster 1 β-cell function normalised to HOMA-IR quantified as (∆I30/∆G30)/HOMA-IR was significantly different to cluster 2 (<i>p</i><0.05). HOMA-IR was calculated as follows: Fasting insulin pmol/l x fasting glucose mmol/L)/ 22.5.