Demographic and metabolic characteristics of type 2 diabetic patients and age- and BMI-matched controls.

*<p>Values shown are means ±SD, unless otherwise indicated.</p>†<p>P values were calculated with the t test for quantitative variables or Chi-square test for categorical ones, except for HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, fasting insulin, fasting leptin and fasting adiponectin, where non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was applied.</p>‡<p>HOMA-IR was calculated as [Insulin mUI/l x Glycemia: (mmol/l)/22.5].</p>§<p>HOMA-B was calculated as (20 × FPI)/(FPG − 3.5), where FPI is the fasting plasma insulin concentration (mU/l) and FPG is fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l).