Changes in shelter use in response to a novel object.

<p>Mean (± SE) shelter use by demonstrators during the conditioning phase (A, B) and the corresponding observers during either the conditioning phase (C, D) or recognition phase (E, F). During conditioning, demonstrators that had previously been either habituated to (open circles) or made fearful of (black circles) either the fat (A) or skinny (B) object were presented with the same object that they had been trained with while observers (C, D) witnessed their behaviour from adjacent aquaria. In the recognition phase, observers that, during conditioning, had witnessed either fearful demonstrators (black circles), no demonstrators (grey circles), or habituated demonstrators (open circles) reacting to either the fat (E) or skinny (F) object, were all presented with the skinny object. In each panel, pre-object scores reflect behaviour during the three minutes prior to presentation of an object, whereas post-object scores reflect behaviour during the three minutes following object presentation.