Availability and use of protected areas by nine Cape vultures at the overall and core home range scales.

<p>The proportion of each vulture’s 99% kernel density estimated (KDE) contour occupied by protected areas (PAs) defined their availability (<i>A_i</i>) to each vulture. At the overall home range scale use (<i>U_i</i>) of protected areas was defined as the proportion of stationary (i.e. < 10 km<b>·</b>h⁻¹) GPS locations within the 99% KDE contour that were recorded inside protected areas. The proportion of each vulture’s 50% KDE contours occupied by protected areas defined their use at the core foraging range scale. Ivlev’s electivity index values range from –1 to +1, with zero indicating use in proportion to availability, while positive and negative values indicate use more or less than expected, respectively.