Poor donor cell survival and HMGB1 leakage after BMC transplantation.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Quantitative PCR for the male specific <i>sry</i> gene showed that the survival of male donor cells in female hearts was poor similarly in the BMC (BMC injection), IgG (BMC+control IgG injection), and AB (BMC+anti-HMGB1 antibody injection) groups at both days 3 and 28; n = 5∼7 in each point. (<b>B</b>) Clusters of DiI-labeled (red) donor BMCs were detected in the heart at day 3 after BMC transplantation. A higher magnification image of the yellow frame is shown. Green = cardiomyocytes (cTnT); blue = nuclei (DAPI). Scale bar = 300 µm. (<b>C</b>) ELISA showed that the circulating HMGB1 level was increased at 1 hour in the BMC group compared to the PBS injection control (CON group). *:<i>p</i><0.05 <i>versus</i> the CON group, mean±SEM for n = 5 each.