The clinical characteristics of the study participants.

<p>Note: Characteristics are reported as percentages for categorical variables and means (±SD) or medians (with interquartile range) for continuous variables. The study participants were divided into four groups based on eGFR quartiles ((≥102.35, 92.42–102.34, 83.67–92.41, and ≤83.66 mL/min/ 1.73 m²). Categorical variables are presented as counts and percentages. The values outside the parentheses are the number of subjects, and the prevalence is presented in parentheses.</p><p>The first quartile of eGFR was used as the reference.</p><p>* p<0.05 vs. Quartile 1.</p><p>** p<0.01 vs. Quartile 1.</p><p>Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.