Wide-spread transcriptional perturbations in <i>Baz1a</i>-deficient spermatids.

<p>(A) Differential expression in normal spermatids vs. spermatocytes. Each point plots expression of a microarray probe averaged between samples. Red, significantly up regulated in spermatids (≥2-fold, q = 0.05); blue, significantly down regulated; gray, not significantly different. Dashed lines indicate two-fold change. (B) Differential expression between <i>Baz1a^−/−</i> and control spermatocytes (i) or spermatids (ii). Plotting and color code as in A. (C) Proportional area Venn diagrams showing overlap of differentially expressed probe sets. “Developmentally regulated” probes were differentially expressed in spermatids compared to spermatocytes (≥2-fold, q = 0.05); “mis-regulated” probes were differentially expressed in <i>Baz1a^−/−</i> vs. control. (D, E) Heat maps of expression levels in all samples of developmentally regulated and mis-regulated probes. The 500 most differentially expressed probes were chosen from comparison of spermatids vs. spermatocytes in controls (“developmentally regulated”, D) or <i>Baz1a^−/−</i> vs. control spermatids (“mis-regulated”, E). Samples were clustered hierarchically and probes were grouped by k-means clustering (k of 7 and 10 for D and E, respectively). Mouse number and <i>Baz1a</i> genotype of samples are indicated (+ = control; − = <i>Baz1a^−/−</i>). (F) Box and whisker plots of expression changes in <i>Baz1a^−/−</i> vs. control spermatocytes for the indicated probe sets. Boxes show median and interquartile range, whiskers extend from minimum to maximum values; p values are from Wilcoxon rank sum tests.