DFMO+diclofenac treatment reduces proliferation and migration in A431 cells.

<p>(A) Clonogenic cell survival assay in DFMO+diclofenac treated A431 cells after 10 days as compared to their single agent treatments and vehicle-treated control. (B) Western blot analysis of p-Akt (ser-473), p-ERK, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and COX-2 in the combined treatment group of DFMO and diclofenac as compared to control and their individual treatments. These cells retained their epithelial phenotype, as marked by increased E-cadherin expression. (C) Cell migration assay in DFMO+diclofenac combination treatment as compared to control or individual treatments after 12 h. (D) Representative pictures of A431 cells treated with the ODC and COX-2 inhibitors after 24 h of treatment. (E) Cell cycle analysis show significant accumulation of cells in G2/M phase with a concomitant reduction in G1 phase in DFMO+diclofenac treated A431 cells.