VS1 exhibits marked transmission-blocking activity against <i>P. falciparum</i> in two divergent anopheline species.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Structure of compounds designed to interfere with ionic interactions between <i>Plasmodium</i> ookinetes and midgut apical-surface associated glycosaminoglycans (<a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003757#ppat.1003757.s001" target="_blank">Figure S1A</a>). The table indicates the average molecular weight (MW) and polydispersity index (PDI) for each species of compound tested in the study. (<b>B–C</b>) <a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003757#s3" target="_blank">Results</a> from representative replicate SMFAs showing <i>P. falciparum</i> midgut-oocyst intensities in <i>An. gambiae</i> plotted by treatment group. Below each graph, experimental details are provided, where N is the number of mosquito midguts dissected and scored for oocysts, prev is the infection prevalence among mosquitoes in a given treatment group, median is the median oocyst number, mean is the mean oocyst number, and % inhibition is calculated as (median_control – median_treatment)/median_control. (<b>D–E</b>) Same as panels B–C except that <i>An. stephensi</i> were used. The level of statistical significance is denoted by asterisks following Bonferroni correction of <i>z-</i>scores, * = p&lt;0.05, ** = p&lt;0.01, *** = p&lt;0.001.