Acidification by polyglutamine protein expression visualized by dKeima-mem-based subcellular pH imaging.

<p>A. Representative subcellular pH imaging data in Neuro-2a cells expressing dKeima-mem during acidification followed by recovery in Na⁺-free and Na⁺-containing medium. B. Expression of NHE1 and NHE5 but not by their non-functional mutants facilitates recovery from acidification (see Methods). Mean pH recovery rate ±SD for each type of cells is shown as a bar graph. *P<0.01, **P<0.05 (Student's t-test; in comparison with the recovery rate of vector-only transfected control cells). Numbers in parentheses on X axis indicates the number of cells examined. C, D. Representative intracellular pH imaging results of Neuro-2a cells expressing dKeima-mem together with HttEx1-Q25 or HttEx1-Q97 demonstrated by pseudo-color images (C) and box whisker plot of quantification data 445 nm/586 nm emission ratio(D). In D, boxes represent lower quartile and upper quartile, with bars showing 1.5× of the lower and upper quartile values. White and black circles show max and min, respectively, and quadrangles show median data points. *P<0.001 (Welch's t test).