Pyruvate reduces R/M hypoglycemia-induced oxidative injury.

<p>(A, C) Fluorescence images show 4HNE (red) antibody staining, indicating oxidative injury in layer V of the the parietal (PT Ctx) and perirhinal (PRh Ctx) cortex. STZ-treated rats showed a slight increase in 4HNE staining in the cortex; 4HNE intensity at three days after R/M hypoglycemia was further increased. Intraperitoneal injection of pyruvate as an adjuvant to glucose at ten minutes after R/M hypoglycemia attenuated 4HNE intensity in the parietal and perirhinal cortex compared to vehicle-treated rats. Scale bar = 20 μm. (B, D) Bar graph represents the 4HNE fluorescence intensity in the parietal and perirhinal cortex as the mean gray value. Data are means ± s.e.m., n=5-6 from each group, *<i>P</i><0.05.