Avian coracoid disparity, and measuring the maximum diameter of the humeral articulation facet.

<p>i: Right coracoids in dorsolateral view shown to scale for ten avian taxa with different glenoid geometries. Figured coracoids are a) <i>Cygnus olor</i> (Anseriformes: Anatidae), b) <i>Ardeotis kori</i> (Gruiformes: Otididae), c) <i>Balearica regulorum</i> (Gruiformes: Gruidae), d) <i>Buteo regalis</i> (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae), e) <i>Bubo scandiacus</i> (Strigiformes: Strigidae), f) <i>Amazona aestiva</i> (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), g) <i>Puffinus griseus</i> (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae), h) <i>Leucophaeus atricilla</i> (Charadriiformes: Laridae), i) <i>Podiceps nigricollis</i> (Podicipediformes: Podicipedidae), and j) <i>Nucifraga columbiana</i> (Passeriformes: Corvidae). ii: Close-up of omal coracoid extremities for the taxa listed above (not to scale). Gray lines illustrate the maximum diameter of the HAF. ‘fl’ denotes an extended flange sternolateral to the main portion of the glenoid facet (present in some taxa such as certain anseriforms and gruiforms), which was not included in the HAF measurement. Similarly, ‘ac’ denotes an extended concavity along the acrocoracoid crest (present in some taxa such as certain accipitriforms and procellariiforms), which was not included in the HAF measurement.