PA changes the morphology of neurons and glia <i>in vitro</i>.

<p>Morphometric analyses (A–D) of soma and nucleus in cultured neurons (A, B) and glia (C, D) after PA treatment compared to control (0). PA (10⁻⁴ – 10⁻³ M) treatment significantly and concentration-dependently decreases neuronal soma-area. PA (10⁻⁴ – 10⁻³ M) treatment significantly and concentration-dependently increases glia soma area. Neuronal nucleus size was unchanged at PA concentrations up to 4×10⁻⁴ M but was significantly reduced at 10⁻³ M. Glia nucleus size was not changed in any of the tested PA concentrations. E-F, representative micrographs of cultured glia in control (E) and after PA (4×10⁻⁴ M) treatment (F), depicting the PA-induced transformation of glia, from a stellate to a round phenotype. Data presented as mean ± SEM, n = 5, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01. Bar represents 20 µm.