Analysis of desiccation-induced DTR mRNAs.

<p>(A) Fold change clustering of upregulated (green area) and downregulated (pink area) genes. The very low FCC was discarded because the differential expression was too low. The number of genes (<i>n</i>) in each group is shown. (B) Hierarchical clustering of the 64 highly upregulated genes (blue region in panel A). Red/green column shows log₂ expression levels before (–) and after (+) preconditioning, cyan column shows log₂ fold changes for the genes indicated on the right. Color codes for the heat map are shown top left. Main branches of the dendrogram are labeled ‘a’ (light gray) and ‘b’ (dark gray, see the text for details). Highlighted genes reside in essential anhydrobiotic pathways shown in the legend with unique color codes, which are consistent in the following figures. (C) The trehalose biosynthesis pathway is upregulated in <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i> upon desiccation stress. Enzymes that catalyze each reaction are shown with the corresponding differential expression values of their transcripts upon preconditioning. These fold changes are shown in green, red, and blue for upregulation, downregulation, and no change, respectively. Glucose-6-phosphate synthesis from lipids involves several steps; therefore, a dashed arrow is used. Highlighted genes are found in the high FCC (panel B). Glc, Glucose; Glc-6-P, glucose-6-phosphate; Glc-1-P, glucose-1-phosphate; UDP-Glc, UDP-glucose; Tre-6-P, trehalose-6-phosphate; Tre, trehalose.