Bitter melon inhibited the recruitments of inflammatory macrophages into EAT and BAT in mice.

<p>(A) Mac-2 immunostaining in EAT of mice; arrows indicate Mac-2⁺ macrophages; scale bars in (A), 100μm in length in low power views (×100) and 25μm in length in high power views (×400). (B) Quantification of Mac-2⁺ macrophage area in EAT, SAT and BAT of mice. (C) Real-time PCR quantitative mRNA expression of macrophage marker gene <i>F4/80</i> in EAT, SAT and BAT of mice. Statistical difference between groups is shown using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. n=8 per group. *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01. All data in (B)-(C) are means ± SEM.